A patent is a Monopoly Right granted to the owner/inventor of a new invention that restricts others from making, using, or selling the same without his permission of the patent owner.
There are various forms as per the Patent Rules. For filing a patent, you need to submit Form 1, 2, 3, and 5. In that, you need to provide the basic details like
Along with this, you need to submit either the Complete Specification or Provisional Specification. Provisional Specification is the outline and basic description of the Invention. If your invention is still under research under development, you can file provisional specification to get the priority date. Then, within 1 year, you need to file the Complete specification, which speaks about the invention in detail.
The publication is where your patent application is published in the Patent Journal. Normally it takes 18 months to publish your patent in the journal from the date of filing the Complete Specification. But there is a procedure to speed up the process by way of filing a form for Requesting for Early Publication along with the valid reason for the same. In that case, your application would be published in a month or two.
The examination is the process where the Registry will examine your Patent application and will issue the First Examination Report, which contains the list of deviations, clarifications, and objections against your application. But to proceed for the examination process, we need to submit the form for Request for Examination within 48 months from the date of filing the application. Based on that the Examiner will examine the application and will issue the FER. We need to reply to the same within the stipulated time. If the authority is not satisfied with our reply, they may ask us to appear in person for a personal hearing.
Once the Examiner satisfies our reply the application is put in order for Grant of Patent. But if the examiner is not satisfied with the reply, he/she may refuse the application for patent. The validity of the patent is 20 years from the date of filing the patent application.